Once the decision layer determines the optimal lighting strategy, the execution layer physically implements those commands. This layer includes multi‑channel constant‑current drivers that adjust each LED channel (e.g., separate red, blue, and far‑red strings). It also comprises relay modules for switching auxiliary equipment such as exhaust fans, irrigation pumps, or humidifiers, and display panels for local status readouts.
A typical example is a multi‑channel driver that receives PWM signals from the MCU. For flowering plants, the driver might increase the red channel duty cycle from 60% to 90% while keeping blue at 30%. Simultaneously, a relay triggers a CO₂ solenoid valve to enrich the atmosphere to 800 ppm, because higher light levels demand more CO₂ for efficient photosynthesis. The execution layer thus bridges the gap between digital intelligence and physical power.
